Challenges for Microfinance Organizations Serving the Poor

WHAT CHALLENGES DO MICROFINANCE ORGANISATIONS FACE IN THEIR ATTEMPTS TO SERVE THE POOR? ASSESS THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS OF MICROFINANCE IN IMPROVING LIVING STANDARDS. Over the last 15 years microfinance institutions (MFIs) have rapidly expanded. The number of poor families with a microloan has grown from 7.6 million in 1997 to 137.5 million in 2010. Microcredit has generated significant confidence for fast poverty alleviation; creating a multiplier effect leading to the eradication of poverty and hunger, universal primary education, the promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women in developing nations. It can be argued that microcredit is a â€Å"win-win† opportunity, in which the poor are given the financial capital and†¦show more content†¦Within the villages of Bangladesh, weekly meetings occur with a loan officer from an MFI, who records the weekly instalments on outstanding loans, saving deposits and fees. The loan office also offers advice, sorts out discrepancies and makes arrangements for customers to obtain new loans from the local branch office. All of these meetings occur in public, thus making the process more transparent as it lets the villagers know who among them is moving forward and who may be running into difficulties (Armendariz Morduch, 2010 p.98). However, joint liability has its disadvantages as it can bring costs to the borrowers such as low flexibility, the loss of social capital for defaults beyond a person’s control and peer pressure to undertake excessively risk-adverse activities (Todaro Smith, 2011). Group lending ignores the fact that group members must spend time to assess each other projects along with the fact that group members may live far-off from each other (Hermes Lensink, 2007). The peer pressure aspect of group lending has led to sanctions being implemented on potential or actual defaulters, they were not just economic but were also social discriminating and tensions had become unpleasant and oppressive for those concerned (Madajewicz, 2011). Moreover, it has been argued that the size of the desired loanShow MoreRelatedWhat Is an Ohp Sheet?1297 Words   |  6 Pages5. Brief content of Presentation BRAC BRAC Bangladesh is one of the largest, diverse and most innovative NGOs in the world with operations in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Srilanka, Africa, Sudan, Uganda, Tanzania and Afghanistan. BRAC aims to empower the poor to become more than passive recipients of financial aid. We strive to assist them in making a difference and become an integral part of their society.. By doing so we wish to empower them, so that they are able to do things for themselves and escapeRead MoreMicrocredit and Social Business1873 Words   |  8 Pageschange, newer ideas emerge, sometimes it may outdo the original ideas and very different from the expectations (Mulgan, 2006, p. 154). In the course of time, Grameen Bank own by the ‘poorest of the poor’ who are mostly women becomes a giant that now has 31 different independent companies and organizations. Grameen microcredit idea work successfully and it leads towards a different idea, which is more ground-breaking than the original microcredit program. The idea is called ‘Social Business’. GrameenRead MoreDeveloping Rural Finance in India3738 Words   |  15 Pagespriorities of the rural poor. Rural finance is important to the poor. The poorest groups spend the highest proportion of their income on food – typically more than 60% and sometimes as much as 90%. Under these circumstances, any drop in earnings, or any additional expenditure (health or funeral costs, for instance) has immediate consequences for family welfare – unless savings or loans can be accessed. Financial transactions are therefore an integral part of the livelihood system of the poor. A growing bodyRead MoreImpact of Microfinance awareness in Kenya12633 Words   |  51 PagesMICROFINANCE AWARENESS AND IMPACT IN KENYA: A CASE OF NAIROBI COUNTY Table of Contents CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study The need for development that saw the Kenya develop several strategies and plans such as the vision 2030 and the millennium development goals has led to development of the finance sector. The need for financing of the development projects has developed microfinance institutions in the country. Microfinance has received a lot of attentionRead MoreThe Iadb Will Be Post Colonialism And Liberal Institutionalism3415 Words   |  14 Pagesimposing the will of wealthy, non-borrowing countries in the form of conditional funds. â€Å"In academic literature as well as general public perception, the World Bank and other multilateral development banks (MBDs) have long been viewed as domineering organizations able to impose themselves upon developing countries,† (humphrey) which is the viewpoint that actually inspired the creation of the IADB. The IADB seems to subvert this colonising attitude by having the majority of its decision-making votes heldRead MoreBottom of the Pyramid9096 Words   |  37 PagesThe quest for the fortune at the bottom of the pyramid: potential and challenges Dennis A. Pitta The University of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, and Rodrigo Guesalaga and Pablo Marshall  ´ Pontiï ¬ cia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this article is to examine the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) proposition, where private companies can both be proï ¬ table and help alleviate poverty by attending low-income consumers. Design/methodology/approachRead MoreImpacts of Microfinance on Grassroot Development a Case Study Uf the Ketu North District16020 Words   |  65 PagesCHARTED INSTITUTE OF FINANCIAL AND INVESTMENT ANALYST (CIFIA) ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE IN GRASSROOT DEVELOPMENT. BY PRAISE DAVIDSON AMU 1 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this piece of work is the outcome of my own research except for the references which served as a source of information which I have acknowledged. This work has therefore never been presented for another certificate, Diploma or Degree. I therefore fully accept all omissions and errors that might appear in this paperRead MoreEssay on Debatable Topics in Microcredit: Interest Rates2338 Words   |  10 Pagesmicrocredit rates are increasingly being criticized and viewed as unreasonably high, while it is immoral to set high prices on the poor. At least once a year, an article must be found in an Egyptian newspaper urging for the need to create â€Å"a bank for the poor†. Driven by religious perspective and long history of subsidized policies, the longing for a bank for the poor in Egypt have always been spinning around the idea of providing credit to low-income households â€Å"without interest rates or collaterals†Read MoreAssessment of Credit Managem ent System7096 Words   |  29 PagesTARGETING PRINCIPLES 5. OPERATIONAL MODALITIES 6. OUTREACH 7. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE 8. FUTURE STRATEGY 9. CHALLENGES RISKS 10. ANNEXES †¢ Performance Reports †¢ External Audit Report FORWARD The Amhara regional state is one of the regions in the country where the rate of poverty is the highest. The Federal Rural Development Strategy put very high emphasis on microfinance as a key force in the poverty reduction struggle. ACSI believes that, with the support of its stakeholdersRead MoreFinancial Performance of National Bank of Ethiopia10224 Words   |  41 PagesUNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI BERGAMO FACOLTÀ DI ECONOMIA Corso di Laurea in MASTER IN MICROFINANCE Corso di MLaurea in MASTER IN MICROFINANCE Classe n. 2007/2008 Università   Degli Studi Di Bergamo Financial Performance of National Bank of Ethiopia Workers’ Savings and Credit Association with special emphasis to adjustments (NBE WSACA) Relatore: Prof: Jacob Yaron Prova finale di Gebeyaw Aychile NOME COGNOME Matricola n. 1004704 ANNO ACCADEMICO 0 Financial Performance of National

Green House Effect and Causes in Bd - 3679 Words

Table of Content Executive Summery Chapter # 1ABOUT GREEN HOUSE1.1: WHAT IS GREENHOUSE 1.2: HOW DOES GREEN HOUSE WORK | page23 | Chapter # 2: About GREEN HOUSE EFFECT2.1: what is green house effect2.2: causes of green house effect | 45,6 | Chapter # 3:GRREN HOUSE EFFECT AND BANGLADESH3.1: Green house effect Bangladesh3.2: Green house effect causing the global warming in Bangladesh3.3: Green house effect in Bangladesh 3.4: some of the pictures of pollution of the environment that contributing in Green house effect | 778-1011 | Chapter # 4: THE GREEN HOUSE EFFECT AND SOLUTION 4.1: how to reduce green house effect 4.2:†¦show more content†¦The sun is much hotter than the Earth and it gives off rays of heat (radiation) that travel through the atmosphere and reach the Earth. The rays of the sun warm the Earth, and heat from the Earth then travels back into the atmosphere. The gases in th e atmosphere stop some of the heat from escaping into space. These gases are called greenhouse gases and the natural process between the sun, the atmosphere and the Earth is called the Greenhouse Effect , because it works the same way as a greenhouse. The windows of a greenhouse play the same role as the gases in the atmosphere, keeping some of the heat inside the greenhouse There are two meanings of the term greenhouse effect. There is a natural greenhouse effect that keeps the Earth s climate warm and habitable. There is also the man-made greenhouse effect, which is the enhancement of Earth s natural greenhouse effect by the addition of greenhouse gases from the burning of fossil fuels (mainly petroleum, coal, and natural gas). In order to understand how the greenhouse effect operates, we need to first understand infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases trap some of the infrared radiation that escapes from the Earth, making the Earth warmer that it would otherwise be. We can think of greenhouse gases as sort of a blanket for infrared radiation-- it keeps the lower layers of the atmosphere warmer, andShow MoreRelatedFossil Fuels : The Source Of Energy1709 Words   |  7 Pagesdisadvantage is â€Å"Global warming, or the greenhouse effect, is an environmental issue that deals with the potential for global climate change due to increased levels of atmospher ic GHGs these are gases in the atmosphere that serve to regulate the heat amount chat is kept close to the Earth s surface. It is speculated that an increase in these GHGs will translate into increased temperatures around the globe that may result in some disastrous environmental effects.† (Speight, J. 2009, January). The last andRead MoreFootwear Industries in Bangladesh: Problems Prospects.17204 Words   |  69 PagesLocation of Leather Firms 2.3 Ownership Pattern of Leather Farms/Units 2.4 Raw Materials used by Leather Footwear 2.5 Labor Force in the Leather Footwear Sector 2.6 SWOT Analysis of Leather Footwear 2.7 Profile Of Some Prominent Footwear Industry In Bd: 2.8 A Comparative Picture of Leather Related Industries 3. Problems Of Bangladesh Export-Oriented Footwear Sector: 3.1 Problems Of Bangladesh Footwear Sector: 3.2 Manufacturing Problems In Footwear Industry 3.2.1 Common Faults In Cutting DepartmentRead MoreEssay about Managerial Economics9666 Words   |  39 Pagesknown as the: A. B. C. D. income side. demand side. supply side. seller side. 4. The law of demand states that, holding all else constant: A. B. C. D. as price falls, demand will fall also. as price rises, demand will also rise. price has no effect on quantity demanded. as price falls, quantity demanded rises. 5. Which of the following would not shift the demand for good A? A. B. C. D. drop in price of good A. drop in price of good B. consumer income. change in the level of advertisingRead MoreNsa Capstone Project Essay16270 Words   |  66 Pagesstep is to identify the potential threat-sources and compile a threat statement listing potential threat-sources that are applicable to the IT system being evaluated. A threat-source is defined as any circumstance or event with the potential to cause harm to an IT system. The common threat-sources can be natural, human, or environment. Page | 13 Copyright  © 2007 - 2012 Networkauthorities.org Inc., et al Rights reserved. 3.2.2 Motivation and Threat Actions Motivation and the resources forRead MoreIncome Taxation Solutions Manual 1 300300 Words   |  1202 Pagesbank loan and purchase the remaining 80% of the shares. Following the purchase, Newco and Holdco could be amalgamated so that interest on the loan can be offset against the restaurant profits and the loan principal repaid directly by Newco. The same effect could be achieved by having Newco buy-back its shares from Court corporation for $600,000. The buy-back could be funded using the existing cash of $200,000 plus the bank loan of $400,000 made directly to Newco. While the share buy-back normally wouldRead MoreSolutions: Income Statement and Pearson Education121412 Words   |  486 Pagesin 2005) Ãâ€" (EPS in 2006) = 25.2 Ãâ€" âŽÅ" ⎟ = $10.15 ⎠ 3.6 ⎠  Suppose a firm’s tax rate is 35%. a. What effect would a $10 million operating expense have on this year’s earnings? What effect would it have on next year’s earnings? b. What effect would a $10 million capital expense have on this year’s earnings if the capital is depreciated at a rate of $2 million per year for five years? What effect would it have on next year’s earnings? a. A $10 million operating expense would be immediately

Deterrence Is The Primary Source When Defining Criminal Law

Deterrence is the primary source when defining criminal law. According to dictionary.com deterrence â€Å"is a law that was passed that includes the breakdown of punishments and uses then as fear tactics; to disappoint individual criminal defendants from becoming reappearance offenders and to discourage others in society from engaging in similar criminal activity.’ (Dictionary 1). Deterrence work in two ways; large population and the punishment of wrongdoers. Deterrence is aimed at the individual; once the law has been violated, and the significance realized, that individual should have a new and enhanced understanding of the individual cost of illegal behavior. One of the biggest consequences for the individual in the justice system in†¦show more content†¦Specifically, when thoughtful of deterrence it is unescapable to not think about capital punishment. Capital punishment is also identified as the death penalty; one of the most contentious issues in society and i t is most frequently used in convictions for murder. However, it also have been used for such crimes as armed robbery, kidnapping, rape, and treason. With severe amendment rights and firm judicial procedures, the death penalty is not an easy process to say the least and opens many doors for debates and arguments. When someone commit a crime they should be punished for their wrongful doings; especially murder The death penalty is a good source of punishment because if a person commits a murder they deserves to be punished. However, the death penalty is cruel, inhuman and degrading. The death penalty disregards the eight amendment; which states that â€Å"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted† (U.S Constitution). The death penalty is unconstitutional because it violation of the eight Amendment. The death penalty serves as a double negative. Why kill someone for committing a murder? The death penalty does not solve the crime, fix the problems that were caused by the crime, or teach anyone a lesson. Not only does the death penalty violate the eight amendment it also violates basic human rights.Show MoreRelatedThe Issue Of International Law1695 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Law reflects an effort by states to co-operate and achieve global aims such as safety from crime (including terrorism), whilst respecting individual state sovereignty and maintaining maximum participation of states. How effective is International Law in achieving this aim? What are the pitfalls and how might these be removed or the effects ameliorated? 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The Year - 1821 When regulations in 1821 directed the wearing of uniforms with cloth wings (wool worsted wings trimmed in the branch color on, which generally fell over the shoulders), the Army had to find another way to distinguish rank besides epaulettes. It adopted a stripe, or chevron, for officers and NCOs to wear on the arm of the uniform, with the points up. Colors identified the two branches: yellow for artillery and white for infantry. When the Army discontinued the use ofRead MoreEssay about Profession of Arms11066 Words   |  45 Pagesmilitary task, and what separates [the military profession] from all other occupations, is that soldiers are routinely prepared to kill†¦in addition to killing and preparing to kill, the soldier has two other principal duties†¦some soldiers die and, when they are not dying, they must be preparing to die. James H. 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The Sad Comedy of Really Bad Food Free Essays

Ms. Moskowitz wants to give her readers a sense of her perspective and her style as she begins this restaurant review. Her opening paragraph shows that she seems to have a casual, common-sense approach to her reviews unlike some stuffy, formal food critics. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sad Comedy of Really Bad Food or any similar topic only for you Order Now She also shows that her sense of humor will be a component of her reviews. 2. A good server is an essential component of an enjoyable dining experience. Good service stands out in the mind of the customer, and poor service stands out even more. A good server should be conscientious, polite, friendly and knowledgeable. He should attend to his customers’ needs from the moment the customer is seated. He should never exude an air of pretentiousness or aloofness. He should know the menu thoroughly from cover to cover and he should have several recommendations for specialties of the house. He should visit his tables regularly without ever hinting that the customers need to rush through their meals. If the restaurant has a wine menu, he should know the wines well at all price points. In short, he should take pride in his job and treat his customers with respectful, attentive and friendly service. Service sometimes breaks down when management is not supervising the staff satisfactorily. Also, some servers exhibit an unhelpful, casual attitude about their work. Managers should heed the complaints of customers who receive substandard service and either discipline of fire bad servers. A good restaurant with good food cannot thrive with a poor service staff. 3. A restaurant customer is within her rights to send poor food back to the kitchen, and it is advisable for the restaurant to satisfy the customer at the expense of preparing her food again. One instance of poor food quality will cause many customers to cease their visits to that restaurant. Moskowitz may have decided to not send back numerous bad dishes because she thought that the chefs were invariably lacking and incapable of correcting their errors. I would not hesitate to send back food that was clearly prepared improperly. For example, if I requested a medium-rare steak and it arrived as well-done, I would send it back with no regrets whatsoever. 4. Ms Moskowitz displays fairness when she lauds the otherwise poor restaurant’s quality offerings. By complimenting their desserts and wines, she proves that she is open-minded, even eager to find any possible positives that might appeal to her readers. Her praise in the midst of many criticisms shows her sense of balance and fair play for the restaurants she reviews. 5. Ms. Moskowitz’s tone in this review is matter-of-fact, casual, vivid and humorous. She does not hesitate to vividly describe the poor service and the poor food. Yet, ironically, she seems to laugh off her mostly inferior, unsatisfying dining experience. She writes in a casual, almost colloquial tone with frequent injections of humor. This tone, in light of the poor dining experience that she endured, is fitting because it gives the reader a reason to read the entire review despite its many negative comments. Marrakech 1. This navvy, or workman, is referred to as â€Å"an employee of the Municipality† because he is so oppressed by his plight that he is incredulous that a man could be casually feeding bread to a gazelle while he and his brethren are perpetually poor and starving. Orwell paints such underprivileged people as helpless, even sub-human, and his pessimistic views of individual opportunity are depressing throughout this short story. 2. The average tourist in Marrakech is probably going to be busy and preoccupied with meeting an itinerary. As such, this average observer may not notice the plight of the native citizens. Orwell, with his dark, bleak outlook, searches for and finds victims everywhere he looks. He regularly assumes that the native working people are hapless and helpless to escape their seemingly dire circumstances. Orwell even notes that it took him some time there to begin to start noticing the natives in all their wallowing misery. 3. The laborers in Marrakech are â€Å"partly invisible† because they are dark-skinned and tend to blend into the landscape. Tourists and observers there are much more likely to notice the natural scenery than the native workers. Orwell invariably paints these natives as helpless victims and their â€Å"invisibility† adds to that bleak assessment. In the United States, a land of undeniable opportunity, he would probably also paint menial laborers as invisible and pitiful. To the contrary, ordinary, hard-working citizens are the fabric and driving force behind America and its exceptional history of success. Orwell would be in a difficult position if he tried to paint ordinary American citizens as poor victims who have little chance for success and happiness. 4. Orwell’s Marrakech is saturated with political messages. Chief among them is the supposed victimhood of average, working people. His bleak, pessimistic portrayal of their plight is depressing and debatable. His one-sided view does not mention the positive aspects of these natives’ lives. Despite living in very trying conditions, these natives must have some happiness and some opportunity to live, work and provide for their families. It is sad and unrealistic how Orwell seems to always paint ordinary people as helpless, joyless victims of their environment. 5. The storks and â€Å"great white birds† are metaphors for the ruling white class that has power over the helpless Negro soldiers and slaves. The whites are going in a safe direction while the hapless Negros are forced to sacrifice and go in the other direction. His blanket view of white prejudice towards blacks is insulting and demeaning to honorable people who judge others based on their character and their actions. Orwell cannot help himself as he belabors the dubious point of minority victimhood and helplessness. 6. The five sections in Orwell’s short story are somewhat incongruent, but are not difficult to follow. Invariably, the images of human nature and the strength of the human spirit are stifled and skewed by Orwell’s jaded, dark and pessimistic views. Evidently, he needed to visit and observe some people who had joy and happiness as part of their lives before he deemed most people as oppressed. How to cite The Sad Comedy of Really Bad Food, Papers

Study of Human Resource Management Motorola’s Job Sharing System

Questions: 1.How does Motorolas job sharing system fit with their business needs? 2.What particular needs do female employees face in work-life balance arrangements such as job sharing? 3.What are the advantages and disadvantages of job sharing to job sharers and their managers? 4.What cultural factors come into play in introducing job sharing into other organizations in an Australian context? Answers: 1. The aim of every business is to make a profit which can lead to better living standards at the long run (Zhao, 2015). Job sharing in this company fits its business needs in the fact that it leads to motivation and minimization of workload, hence leading to faster and efficient production. In its operation, Motorola uses 24 hours and seven days a week working strategy to attain a competitive advantage. Job sharing, in this case, is ideal because it helps the employees to refresh their minds because of good work-life balance. Job sharing in this case also helps the employees to share skills and experiences. This system has also assisted in maintaining high profile workers because it allows a flexible schedule which makes the employees realize the importance of working from this company (Sonia, 2014). The system reduces high employee turnover rates in this company because it assists the sharers to balance and reduce workloads. This means the company can retain a pool of highly qualified and well-trained talents. 2. This kind of arrangement has been assisting women to benefit from work-life balance because it allows them to have enough time which they can spend with their families (Zhao, 2015). Apart from just spending time with their families, the fact that job sharing minimizes workload assists women to have good energy which can help them to take care of their children. Work-life balance also helps the women to contribute fully to the organizations because this kind of balance enables them to relax so that their minds and bodies can refresh. Apart from factors which seem to favor women in the aspects of job sharing, Female employees usually face different challenges when it comes to job sharing. One of these issues includes subjecting them to greater suffering, especially in situations when the workload is quite engaging and too demanding (Pandey, 2013). Sometimes they also face sexual harassments in the cases where they work under this kind of job arrangements. This comes from their managers of even their job sharers. The system also makes the rights of women to be overlooked especially when the system is not well implemented, or some factors are not considered. 3. Job sharing has various pros and cons to both job sharers and their managers. One of the advantages to the managers is that it assists in retaining high valued employees who would otherwise quite because of work-family balance issues. Another advantage to the employer is that it leads to increase in productivity because employees share different things including motivation, creativity, and enthusiasm. Some of the disadvantages of job sharing to the manager include it may lead to increase in the cost of benefits when the manager decide to provide each job share partner with benefits (Nielsen, 2014). Another disadvantage is that it may lead to increase in employment cost especially when the manager is told to pay for cross-over-day. Advantages to the sharers include it assists in minimizing workload and also helps them to create time for their families. Another advantage for job sharing to the employees is that because of good work-life balance, employees are less stressed and are likely to fully contribute to the various tasks they undertake. The disadvantages of job sharing to employees are that they have to deal effectively with their sharers (Banerjee, 2014). This is because they at times find this kind of interaction challenging especially for those who do not have good interpersonal skills. The other disadvantage of job sharing for employees is that they must consider various things when undertaking different components of the jobs. In a blended partnership, employees do not have things done their way. In such cases, compromise and learning new ways of doing things is needed otherwise the coworkers will experience confusion or uncertainty. 4. Introducing job sharing into other organizations in Australia needs proper strategies or considerations to be made because the way in which the employees believe or behave may greatly influence the effectiveness of job sharing in the country (Mahapa, 2012). For example, one of the considerations which should be made is how do the Australians view the combination of male and female in job sharing, can it lead to various aspects like sexual harassment or going against human rights, how do employees view work-family balance and so forth. These considerations will assist in planning the job sharing strategy in a manner which cannot compromise what the Australian employees believe in. Job sharing is still not relatively usual in the Australian senior roles. This means because is not familiar in this country, introducing it to the senior roles may not work because the Australians are yet to fully believe in its effectiveness. Australians believe that hiring unknown leads to a leap of faith and when you hire two, you simply double the risk Bibliography Banerjee, D. (2014). Gender and Support: Work Pressure of the American Workers. Sociological Viewpoints, 30(1), 546-600. Mahapa, V. (2012). An Assessment on the Uptake Level of a Fully Integrated Human Resource Information System (HRIS): A Case Study of Midlands State University. Public Administration Research,, 1(1), 33-45. Nielsen, P. (2014). How Do We Understand Working Environment Policies, Programmes and Instruments? Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies, 4(4). Pandey, S. (2013). Applied Human Resource Management: Strategic Issues and Experiential Exercises. South Asian Journal of Management, 20(3), 37-78. Sonia, H. (2014). Working Women into the Borderlands. College Station, TX: Texas AM University Press. Zhao, D. (2015). The Pressure on Women Teachers in Colleges and Countermeasures. Asian Social Science, 11(7), 34-67.

EMBA& Aspirations

Question: Discuss about the Report for EMBA Aspirations. Answer: Describe your near and longer-term aspirations and how they relate to your core values. I always articulate - Never Say-Why Me? I Say-TRYTESTME. IM READY! My near and long term aspirations have always such which I can actually manage and are quantifiable. And because of this very reason I feel that all the near and longer- term aspirations should be managed well enough and thus this has always made me have my inclination towards management and administration. My near term aspirations are to successfully go ahead with my new job as General Manager and continue delivering good work there. Also when I have my core values with me, I am indeed sorted because I strongly feel that with my values of hard work, honesty and always keeping few things at priority, I can achieve a lot in this new job of mine. As a General Manager, I have been given a lot to be done and this was always the kind of work I wanted. This being my short term aspiration, I feel I am fortunate enough to get this job and learn a lot from this. My short term aspiration of doing well as a GM definitely leads to my future aspiration of returning full time to my start up and run it with proper time and attention. I always feel that till the time you dont have experience and you dont learn from your work, its not possible for you to run a one man show and even teach others. For running a whole start up, you need to know that how you want your employees to work. And for this very reason, I had accepted this job so that I am on the other side of the table first and learn and gain experience. This completely speaks for my core values of working hard and learning as much as I can. Point out 2-3 key differences between the aspirations you currently have and those that were implied in either your dream job or your eulogy. Actually, I did not find any differences between my aspirations and either in my dream job or eulogy. I am quite satisfied with what I have right now and my future aspiration as mentioned earlier also to run my start up. My dream job have always been to run my own start up full time and thus dedicating my whole learning and knowledge towards the same will be the best time for me. Think about those changes in your aspirations that would not have taken place had you not embarked on the EMBA Programme. What specific aspects of your experience (e.g. classmates, faculty, courses, and insights) would you credit with triggering these changes? Having said that there are no changes between my dream job, eulogy or my aspirations- would have never applied and accepted the GM role if I was not comfortable enough in discussing financials, marketing and understand the way in which a team, power and politics work in a company. This is all due to DEMO. An excellent curriculum which has given me an opportunity to explore and learn the management with a whole new perspective of global standards with a lot of case studies and discussions in class and networking with the established entrepreneurs and executive professional. This all has certainly given me a great push because of my future aspiration of becoming a full time entrepreneur myself. The desire to step into establishing my own company and to hire people to run it under my supervision is also something which comes from experience and my current job as GM will definitely make me do that on- hand. After gaining so much of an amazing experience through trainings and internships through this EMBA, I was definitely sure of moving onwards to administer different administrator. And fortunately while studying we used to read that the most vital position which you would hope for is that of a GM after this programme. And certainly due to the rigorous training and my zeal to learn, I have certainly got one. All the discussions and courses, faculty insights have really boosted my confidence in pursuing my dream in entering as an entrepreneur in future. Also this programme which has even taught me my way ahead to run my own company- like how to manage your business, how to raise capital, presenting in front of Venture Capitalist etc. This has certainly helped me a lot.

The causes of poverty and solutions to this free essay sample

Abstract Poverty is the major issue all over the world. Poverty is always associated with different area such as the lack of education, poor health conditions and poor infrastructures. This report will focus on two main causes of poverty in the developing countries and indicate solutions to deal with it. It can be seen that inappropriate policies and undeveloped infrastructure widens the gap between the rich and the poor. Moreover, diseases prevalence like HIV/AIDS that reach reaches 5.6% among 2.6 million affected adult populations. Investing in roads, however, leads to about 3 persons far away  from poverty in China by every 1000 yuan investment. Other methods such investing human capital also help the poor to increase their life. Therefore, choosing a appropriate area to invest and educating the poor might direct help the developing countries to mitigate poverty. Finally, searching foreign investment to development and applying international aid might be another option. 1. Introduction Poverty is one of the highlighted issues in the world. We will write a custom essay sample on The causes of poverty and solutions to this or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many countries have been devoting their efforts to develop the economy in order to reducing poverty. In developing countries, the government tries their best to satisfy people’s needs. The needs are ranging from every aspect of residents life. According to Newfoundland and Labrador Association of Social Workers (cited in Gien et al. 2007), poverty is defined as people lack of fundamental needs such as nutrition, clean water, shelter, medicine and education. Thus, providing basic needs to people is the prior mission to the developing countries. The purpose of this report is to examine the fundamental poverty and to suggest some possible solutions to deal with them. This report firstly describes the main factors causing some developing countries to remain a cycle of poverty, and then examines two effective solutions to reduce poverty. Finally, the benefits of attracting foreign investors to invest emerging economy as well as international aid as a recommendation will be discussed. 2. The causes of poverty There are some direct impacts on people who are vulnerable to poverty such as the lack of health care, failed policies and poor lifestyle. This might lead to the pressure of many countries overwhelmed that of individuals, because the government makes policies that are not suit for local residents lead to governments waste a lot of money. In addition to this, the lifestyle some developing countries have which is causing huge health problems ranging from parents to children. Therefore, poverty is related to different aspects of society that affects people life as well as the development of countries. 2.1 Inefficient development There is an issue that governments have many areas to develop and directly  affects people who are the target of it. Firstly, inappropriate policies may lead to residents far away from the benefits of development. Gien et al. (2007) give an example that Vietnam government carried on a reform policy for reducing poverty. However, this policy widen the gap between the rich region and the poor region resulting in rural residents as the victims of development, Ajakaiye and Adeyeye (2002) point out that this is because the process of policies reform affects economy development resulting in people easily losing their job when the policy fails. Therefore, failed policies could impose big burdens on some countries resulting in more people becoming victims of poverty. Secondly, under developed infrastructures widen the gap between the rich and the poor. As Lawal (2010) notes, poor farming infrastructures and the shortage of resources causes the program to improve agriculture are not completely effective in Nigeria. Moreover, Ajakaiye and Adeyeye (2002) point out that resources which could be used to develop physical infrastructures are lost because of they need to release debt burdens in Nigeria. Therefore, inadequate infrastructures in the agricultural sector exacerbate the situation of poverty. 2.2 Health issues To some extent, there are many countries carrying a high burden of health issues ranging from individuals to governments. Firstly, smoking-related issues have created some problems. According to Majra and Gur (2009), the poor who consumes the tobacco has high proportion of sickness and hardly to require treatment, Gajalakshmi et al. (cited in Majra Gur 2009, p. 316) note that this problems will lead 80 million males’ smokers dead ranging from 0 to 34 years old in India. In addition to this, Mudur (cited in Majra Gur 2009, p. 317) reports that the costs of smoking-related diseases including cancer, heart disease and chronic obstructive lung disease reach to US$ 5.8 billion estimated by the Indian Council of Medical Research over the government returns of approximately $ 1.5 billion in the tobacco industry in 2000. It could be seen that the illnesses leads to people have no chance to apply for an employment resulting in them to stay in the poverty. Secondly, many countries have been struggling with severe diseases. Ajakaiye and Adeyeye (2002) give a example that the high incidence of AIDS reaches to 5.6% among 2.6 million affected adult populations resulting in the sufferers cannot find a job to support their life. Moreover, Fenton  (2004) points out that lacking of education as the major cause to the poor who have little knowledge about the risk of HIV/AIDS, much less to purchase high price condoms to protect themselves. Therefore, sufferers spend huge money, which should be spent to maintain their basic needs such as food, shelter and education, to ensure survive. This process might exacerbate poverty. 3. Solutions to poverty Although the developing countries are facing big challenges, two effective ways may help them to alleviate those problems. Especially, focusing on the weaker section of development in the developing countries, including investing in infrastructures and providing social services, could be spread to many nations to mitigate poverty. 3.1 Investing in infrastructures To some degree, there is a closely connection between infrastructures and poverty alleviation, thus the governments should choose to invest in appropriate sectors and execute it effectively. Firstly, choosing appropriate area to invest might be more effective. As Lawal (2010) points out that shifting current focus to rural region rather than wide-range development is more available, Fan et al. (cited in Ogun 2010, p. 255) give an example that they analyzed the statistics from different sectors involving electricity, agriculture and road, and then they found that investing every 1000 yuan in rural roads leads to approximately 3 persons far away from poverty in China. Moreover, Jahan and McCleery (cited in Ogun 2010) report that investing infrastructure helps residents enjoying better health care, which providing people better protection away from diseases and natural hazard, and qualified education. This is the basic requirement that poor people need, and let them benefit from the improvement of roads, schools and hospitals. Secondly, poor people could join the process of development through work. According to Lawal ï ¼Ë†2010ï ¼â€°Ã¯ ¼Å'the development should encourage the poor to participate and be identified not just the task of government but also as the key of poverty alleviation for themselves, Ajakaiye and Adeyeye (2002) found that the sustainable labour market creates an opportunity to break the cycle of poverty and to increase income. This means that developing countries might maintain the development of labour market in terms of providing training for unskilled people. In addition,  Colclough (cited in Awan et al. 2011) found that investing human capital is benefit for the poor who can increase their life derives from education and health endowments. Hence, investing in the road, agriculture and labour marker might directly affect the poor through encouraging participation of development and boosting human capital, after that the poor acquires their basic skills and knowledge of living. This could help them away from poverty. 3.2 Education programs If one looks more closely at the poverty that providing education as an available way to reduce poverty. Firstly, education can help the poor improve their life. Lawal (2010) notes that building education and training institutions gives opportunities to the poor that they can learn basic knowledge about living, Ogun (2010) go further and notes that investing in education and health can improve human capital as well as increasing social welfare. Especially, International Institute For Population Sciences (cited in Majra Gur 2009) points that education is not just benefit for individual far away from poverty, but also it has good effect on parents who pay more attentions to their children’s health. This means that education could inform the poor the basic knowledge of health helping them to reduce the cost of illness. Secondly, training programs can directly provide the essential knowledge to the poor. Gien et al. (2007) note that Vietnam government has a long-term program providing training ranging from job creation to local-based health services to social workers in order to helping the poor people and continuing educate new social workers, especially, this course increases the awareness of social works among trainees and is directly good for poor community in Vietnam. In addition, most of social workers and medical experts are women in Vietnam, thus more and more rural women could away from poverty as the result of improving women’s education and job opportunities, Cranswick (cited in Gien et al. 2007) points that women who are the key of reducing poverty and improving health in the family. Therefore, education may provide an effective approach to developing countries to alleviate poverty as improving employability skills and health popularizing health knowledge. 4. Conclusion There is a closely relationship among poverty, education and health. While the governments try their best to reduce poverty, the basic of poverty is related to different aspects. The report indicates that inefficient development leads to developing countries waste a lot of money and efforts. More importantly, the spreading of diseases is associated with poor education make poor countries to stay in the poverty. However, the government invests in infrastructure and provides appropriate education programs might reduce poverty and improve residents’ standard of living. Thus, the government might take the local situation of poverty to consideration when they make a plan in order to suiting for local environment and encourage teachers to educate the poor. Due to poverty involves different areas, the report therefore recommends that searching foreign investment to development and applying international aid could be considered.